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The AAPG/Datapages Combined Publications Database

AAPG Bulletin

Abstract


Volume: 55 (1971)

Issue: 2. (February)

First Page: 362

Last Page: 363

Title: Geologic Applications of Remote Sensing: ABSTRACT

Author(s): Floyd F. Sabins

Article Type: Meeting abstract

Abstract:

For optimum geologic application of remote sensing, the user should understand the advantages, limitations, and characteristics of the various types of imagery. Selection of the optimum sensor or combination of sensors will depend upon these factors plus the nature of the terrain, geology, and the problem at hand.

Newer types of films and image processing have greatly expanded the geologic potential of conventional black and white aerial photography. Infrared color film and multiband photography extend the sensitivity range and provide greater spectral discrimination. These techniques can enhance subtle variations in soil, vegetation,

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and moisture content which may be geologically significant. The newer photographic methods from earth orbiting satellites provide broad regional coverage that may reveal major geologic trends and features not apparent on conventional photography.

Airborne infrared scanners image the thermal radiation patterns of the earth's surface. Geologic applications that have been demonstrated for this new technology are (1) mapping faults, (2) distinguishing different rock types, (3) recognition of subtle structural patterns, (4) mapping near-surface groundwater distribution, (5) monitoring of volcanic areas, (6) detection of geothermal resources, and (7) monitoring of arctic sea ice.

Radar is a day or night technique that penetrates fog or clouds to provide strips of imagery with broad regional coverage and a uniform oblique illumination of the terrain. Radar has generated imagery of areas that hitherto have not been photographed from the air because of persistent cloud and fog cover such as in eastern Panama. The major geologic advantage of radar imagery is the enhancement of faults, fractures, and lineaments that may be obscure on other forms of imagery. The polarization capability of radar can discriminate subtle surface textural differences.

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