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The AAPG/Datapages Combined Publications Database

AAPG Bulletin

Abstract


Volume: 74 (1990)

Issue: 3. (March)

First Page: 238

Last Page: 259

Title: Seismic Reflection Structure of Intracratonic Palmyride Fold-Thrust Belt and Surrounding Arabian Platform, Syria (1)

Author(s): JOHN H. MCBRIDE (2), MUAWIA BARAZANGI (3), JOHN BEST (3), DAMEN AL-SAAD (4), TARIF SAWAF (4), MOHAMED AL-OTRI (4), and ALI GEBRAN (4)

Abstract:

Seismic reflection and drill-hole data from central Syria provide a detailed view of the subsurface structure (10-15 km depth) of the relatively little-studied intracratonic Palmyride fold and thrust belt. The data set, together with surface geologic mapping, constrains a structural/stratigraphic section spanning the northeast sector of the belt and the surrounding subprovinces of the Arabian platform. The seismic reflection and drill-hole data show Mesozoic stratigraphic sequences thickening abruptly into the Palmyrides from the adjacent, arched Paleozoic platforms. Neogene (Alpine) folding and thrusting of the Mesozoic basin, as documented on the seismic data, are sharply restricted to the narrow width of the belt (approximately 100 km), in contrast to the relatively un eformed Phanerozoic strata of the platforms to the north and south.

The regional subsurface structure of the northeastern Palmyrides consists of a northeast-plunging anticlinorium whose outer flanks are marked by smaller superimposed asymmetrical anticlines associated with outward-verging thrusts, giving this part of the belt a rough symmetry. The general structural style of folding is characterized by simple, relatively narrow anticlines and broad synclines that can be traced concordantly from the surface to at least 5 km deep on the seismic data-the level of any decollement appears to be below the imaged Mesozoic sequence. A fundamental feature of the surrounding Arabian platform subprovinces is a deep (approximately 6-7 km, maximum) and pervasive bright reflector that forms the base of the reflective section of the platform but disappears abruptly eneath the Palmyrides. This basal reflector is important as a regional strain marker and may represent a Cambrian/Infracambrian carbonate-evaporite sequence or a remarkably uniform crystalline basement surface.

The seismic and drill-hole data support the hypothesis that the Palmyrides began as a Permian-Triassic failed rift connected to the Levantine passive continental margin, which was inverted and complexly deformed by the interfering effects of Cenozoic movements along the Dead Sea transform fault system and the Turkish Bitlis convergent zone. The seismic data provide a first view into the extent and depth of the early basin formation and subsequent compressional deformation, and as such represent a necessary element for constraining reconstructions of northern Middle East plate motions.

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