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AAPG Bulletin

Abstract

AAPG Bulletin, V. 91, No. 8 (August 2007), P. 1123-1139.

Copyright copy2007. The American Association of Petroleum Geologists. All rights reserved.

DOI:10.1306/02260706035

Overpressure generation and evolution in a compressional tectonic setting, the southern margin of Junggar Basin, northwestern China

Xiaorong Luo,1 Zhaoming Wang,2 Liqiang Zhang,3 Wan Yang,4 Loujun Liu5

1Department of Geology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China; present address: Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China; [email protected]
2Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
3Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China; present address: Faculty of Geo-Resources and Information, China University of Petroleum, Dongying, 257061, China
4Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China; present address: Department of Geology, Wichita State University, Wichita, Kansas 67260
5Research Institute of Exploration and Development, PetroChina Xinjiang Oil, Karamay, Xinjiang 834000, China

ABSTRACT

Overpressure is widespread in the southern margin of the Junggar Basin, northwestern China. Pressure measurements in drillstem tests and repeated formation tests and estimates from wire-line logs indicate contrasting overpressure values between permeable sandstones and adjacent low-permeability mudrocks. In addition, excess pressure differs among anticlines with similar depth, lithologies, and geologic age, indicating significant lateral changes of overpressure. Major factors controlling overpressure generation and distribution include rapid sediment deposition, pressure compartmentalization by thick mudrocks, tectonic stress, faulting, and folding. Clay transformation and hydrocarbon generation are believed to be insignificant in overpressure generation in the southern Junggar Basin. Numerical modeling of pressure generation and evolution suggests that faulting and stratal tilting associated with folding are the most significant factors in the overpressure generation of a permeable sandstone. The extremely high overpressure (pressure coefficient up to 2.43) may have been caused by hydraulic adjustment within permeable sandstones associated with structural deformation caused by post-Miocene intense tectonic activities.

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