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CSPG Special Publications

Abstract


Intl. Symposium of the Devonian system: Papers, Volume II, 1967
Pages 1297-1312
Faunal Provinces and Palaeogeography

The history of development of the Devonian in Kazakhstan

N. L. Bublichenko

Abstract

The report deals with the development of palaeogeography and palaeotectonics of the vast territory between the Urals in the west, the Altai Mountains in the east and the folded structures of Central Asia in the south.

The following are the types of sediments developed in Kazakhstan: clastic marine sediments of the “Rhenish” facies, marine carbonates, continental redbed sediments of arid climate (Old Red Facies), and continental sediments of humid climate in Central Kazakhstan. In Early Devonian time in Central Kazakhstan (the Dzhungaro-Balkhash zoogeographie province) a fauna developed which was very similar to that of New York and Pennsylvania, as well as that of the Appalachians and the Rhenish facies of West Germany.

The discovery of terrestrial plant remains in association with shallow-type of marine faunal assemblages facilitates a comparison of marine and continental redbed facies.

The Kazakh sea opened to the southeast—it was bordered by a huge arc of median masses: Golodnaya Zemliy-Ulutau-Kokchetav Craton Chingiz-Tarbagatai. In the median masses there were areas both of deposition and erosion accumulation. Volcanism occurred mainly in terrestrial areas between the miogeosyncline of the Kazakh sea and the median masses mentioned above. The huge arc of volcanism became inactive by the Upper Devonian.

The Chinquise-Tarbagatai median mass separated the southwestern Altai as an independent Zoogeographie province.

In the Kolbensky Ridge area Upper Devonian deposits previously considered as of deep to shallow marine origin are now recognized to be continental subaequeous sediments of a humid environment. It seems probable that sediments of this type may be widespread in other provinces as well.

There is a considerable relationship between ore deposit and type of sedimentation, including the factor of the palaeotectonic occurrence.


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