In Coahuila, northeastern Mexico, the Upper Cretaceous Olmos Formation (upper Campanian – lower Maastrichtian) crops out in the Sabinas Basin, a region important for coal exploitation. Collections of plant macrofossils in the 1970s by Reinhard Weber indicated the presence of a diverse leaf flora that includes aquatic ferns, conifers, and angiosperms. Over the past three years the Laboratory of Palaeobotany of the Institute of Geology and members of P.A.S.A.C. (Paleontólogos Aficionados de Sabinas, A.C.) have made new collections of leaves and woods from the Olmos Formation that expand upon previous data and provide a test of hypotheses regarding the flora and vegetation. Newly collected leaf assemblages contain common palms and at least 35 species of dicotyledons. The dicotyledons are predominantly entire margined and have a high percentage of species with drip tips. Noteworthy taxa include unlobed Laurales with pinnate and palmate venation, pinnately lobed Laurales, Menispermaceae, and primitive eudicots of uncertain family affinities. Also present is a new genus of leaf with possible affinities to Nelumbonaceae. The wood flora contains abundant angiosperms that include palms, Fagaceae, Malvaceae, Cornales, and possible Lauraceae. Physiognomic analysis of the leaf flora indicates that the Olmos flora represents paratropical rainforest, with a mean annual temperature (MAT) of 20-23°C (68-73°F) and mean annual precipitation (MAP) of 1.5-3 m (5-10 ft). Minimal seasonality is indicated by the estimated MAT, the common occurrence of palms, and the absence of distinct growth rings in dicot woods. The climate inferred for the Olmos leaf flora is significantly wetter than that reported for Campanian-Maastrichtian assemblages from the southeastern U.S. and southern Western Interior, but is similar to that reported for early Paleogene assemblages from the same regions. This underscores the potential importance of the Olmos flora for understanding the origin of wet megathermal vegetation in the U.S. during the early Paleogene.