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The AAPG/Datapages Combined Publications Database
Houston Geological Society Bulletin
Abstract
Abstract: Model for Hydrocarbon
Migration and Entrapment
By
A model relates faulting to migration and entrapment. The
basic assumption of the model is that a fault is neither a seal nor a
conduit. Therefore, the effect of faulting on both migration and
entrapment depends on the rock properties of strata juxtaposed by
the fault and the structural
attitude of the juxtaposed fault blocks.
The fault plane section used with structure
maps
gives a three-dimensional
view of migration and illustrates the interplay of three
critical parameters: (1) closure style - unfaulted anticline. faulted
anticline, or nose; (2)
cross
-fault geometry -the throw and change
of throw along a fault; and (3) stratigraphic geometry - the
thickness and spacing of permeable and impermeable units. Two
types of spill points become apparent.
Cross
-fault spill points occur
at loci of juxtaposed permeable units at the fault plane.
Cross
-fault
spill points define limits of trapping potential for each permeable
unit and paths for vertical migration. Synclinal spill points occur
when a permeable unit encounters no
cross
-fault spill point within
the limits of
structural
closure. Synclinal spill points define tops of
vertical migration paths and egress points for lateral migration.
Any charge model can be integrated and tested with this model. Migration timing can be evaluated by doing the analysis in paleostructural modes. The validity and importance of exceptions to the basic model assumption can be clarified by comparison with model predictions.
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