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The AAPG/Datapages Combined Publications Database
Houston Geological Society Bulletin
Abstract
Abstract: A Quantitative Approach to Mapping:
Vertical Separation versus Throw
By
Perhaps the most costly subsurface mapping errors made
by industry today are to use throw instead of vertical
separation to contour across faults. Indeed the two terms
are often confused or used interchangeably, i.e. vertical
separation is often called throw and throw is substituted for
vertical separation. These two terms are, however, not the
same and are a measure of two distinctly different geometric
properties. In this talk, we demonstrate that to contour
throw across faults (normal or reverse) instead of vertical
separation can typically (commonly) result in mapping
errors on the order of 25% or greater. New equations have
been derived and nomograms generated which provide
quantitative guidelines to construct structure maps in
faulted areas. We define the 
fault
components applicable to
subsurface mapping, present the quantitative relationship
of vertical separation to throw, introduce the correct
technique to contour vertical separation across a fault
(using seismic data and well logs), and discuss the analysis of
errors caused by mapping throw in place of vertical
separation.
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