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The AAPG/Datapages Combined Publications Database
Houston Geological Society Bulletin
Abstract
Abstract: Advances in Subsurface Prediction Using Borehole Imaging
By
Schlumberger Wireline & Testing
The high vertical
and radial
resolution
of
modem borehole imaging provides a detailed,
three-dimensional insight into how
a reservoir is put together. Since this information
is presented in an image or picture
format, it is easy to assimilate and utilize
on workstations. The excellent repeatability
of most images fosters confidence in
their usability. Micro-resistivity, resistivity,
and acoustical measurements and an expanding
array of software to analyze them,
are being utilized worldwide.
Borehole imaging can be used to analyze the structural and stratigraphic aspects of a reservoir, as well as to describe it in great detail and in a variety of different scales and formats. Image evaluation, especially when done on a workstation, provides an in-depth understanding of a reservoir, making improved subsurface predictions possible. Two specific applications illustrate the power of these images.
The use of imaging in "low resistivity pay"
sands, such as the prolific deep water sands
of the Gulf of Mexico, affords the ability
to evaluate thin (as small as 1 cm) beds that
are well below the resolution
of other
wireline logs. It also provides a better understanding
of the type and distribution of
the shales within the sands, which greatly
influence the lateral continuity of the reservoir.
Net pay is more accurately determined,
and this routinely results in additional
pay.
Borehole imaging is also changing the way
we evaluate carbonates, as in the Lodgepole
Formation of North Dakota and the
various carbonates of West Texas. Current
evaluation techniques seem to often underestimate
the ultimate production of these
reservoirs. The high vertical
resolution
and
multidirectional (radial) nature of the imaging
measurements allow for corrections
to other logs, especially pad devices such
as the density log. The distribution and
interconnectivity of vugs and fractures,
which are keys to the performance of these reservoirs, can be "seen" and more fully
delineated.
Exciting new types of imaging measurements, including "measurements while drilling," as well as improved ways of presenting and evaluating the data, continue to be developed by a variety of companies, making borehole imaging a truly emerging technology.
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