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The AAPG/Datapages Combined Publications Database
Houston Geological Society Bulletin
Abstract
Abstract:
Seismic
Geomorphology and
Seismic
Stratigraphy
from Shelf to Deepwater: Implications for Exploration
and Development
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By
3D seismic
data can play a vital role in hydrocarbon exploration
and development especially with regard to mitigating
risk associated with the presence/absence
of reservoir, source and seal facies. Such
data can afford direct imaging of depositional
elements, which can then be
analyzed by applying
seismic
stratigraphic
and
seismic
geomorphologic principles to
yield predictions of lithologic distribution,
insights to compartmentalization and
identification of stratigraphic trapping
possibilities. Benefits can be direct,
whereby depositional elements at
exploration depths can be identified and
interpreted, or they can be indirect,
whereby shallow-buried depositional systems can be clearly
imaged and provide analogs to deeper exploration or development
targets. Examples of imaged depositional elements from both
shallowly and deeply buried sections are presented. Deep-water
deposits, in particular, have benefited greatly from analyses of
3D
seismic
data. The understanding of the stratigraphic and
geomorphologic evolution of these deposits has increased by
orders of magnitude since the advent of 3D
seismic
-based analyses.
In high-cost deep-water exploration settings, insights derived
from such analyses are critical to reduce risk with regard to
reservoir presence and reservoir compartmentalization to ensure
economic success. Depositional elements in settings such as
shoreface, shelf, estuarine and fluvial, as well as in carbonate
environments, also benefit greatly from 3D
seismic
analyses.
Common techniques for geologic visualization include 1) visualizing
and illuminating stratigraphic horizons, 2) time slicing and
flattened time slicing, 3) interval
attribute
analysis (including
seismic
waveform analysis), 4) voxbody interpretation and mapping,
5) 3D perspective rendering and 6) opacity
rendering. The key to successful application
of this approach lies in the correct
interpretation of geologically significant
patterns revealed by these techniques.
Workflows in conjunction with numerous
examples from a variety of geologic
settings will be shown.
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