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The AAPG/Datapages Combined Publications Database
Houston Geological Society Bulletin
Abstract
Abstract: Facies Architecture, Branching Pattern, and
Paleodischarge of Lower Delta-Plain Distributary
Channel System in the Cretaceous Ferron Notom Delta,
Southern Utah, U.S.A.
Distributary channel systems are an important component of deltaic systems, but details of their branching pattern, internal variability,
complexity, and relationship with adjacent levee, bay, and crevasse splays, are rather poorly documented in ancient examples. A gooseneckshaped
canyon in southern Utah, U.S.A. provides 3-D outcrop exposures of a lower delta-plain distributary channel system of the Late
Turonian Ferron Notom delta. Thirty two measured sections and 9 cross sections allow direct mapping and documentation of the
branching pattern of a distributary system. A main channel belt of about 250 m wide narrows to about 200 m downstream of the branching
point. The subordinate channel belt is about 80 m wide. Water discharge from the main channel belt,
upstream
of the branching point,
is estimated to be 85-170 m3/s. Compared to paleohydraulic estimates of trunk rivers mapped in previous studies, the branching
documented in this study is probably a 4th order split. The distributary channels are characterised by a U-shaped geometry in oblique
and strike-oriented cross sections. They are filled with medium-grained, cross-bedded sandstone, metre-scale inclined beds, ripple-crosslaminated
sandstone, and muddy abandoned channel deposits with local tide- and wave-influenced deposits. Detailed bedding diagrams
indicate a meandering channel pattern with local braided threads within the main channel belt. Distributary channels erode into adjacent
levee and underlying heterolithic bayfill deposits. The subordinate channel belt fed a crevasse splay, which is characterised by a coarsening
upward facies succession consisting of interbedded wave-rippled, current-rippled and planar-bedded very fine-grained sandstone and
thin mudstones.
