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The AAPG/Datapages Combined Publications Database
AAPG Bulletin
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The existence of a comparatively thin surface layer with a low velocity characteristic has been recognized in seismic work for several years, and has been generally referred to as the "weathered layer." This low velocity surface characteristic has been found to be almost universally present regardless of the nature of the surface deposits, and does not conform to the geologic weathering of the area.
The purpose of the writer is to offer as an explanation of this phenomenon, the mixture of air in a free state with surface materials. Theoretical calculations, if the earth is assumed to be a fluid, indicate that velocities less than that of sound in air should be obtained from such mixtures. This is borne out by experimental data, as far as available, indicating that this so-called weathered layer might properly be termed an "aerated" layer.
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