Geologists depend increasingly on numerical data to supplement the core of qualitative observations on which the science rests. In subsurface studies especially, the amount of data available on structure, thickness, and composition of stratigraphic units is accumulating at rates beyond the ability of geologists to absorb its full implications. In academic aspects as well, numerical data in sedimentary petrology, paleontology, geochemistry, and virtually all branches of the science are rapidly assuming gigantic proportions. The profession is faced with the need for data storage, retrieval, and processing on a scale unthought of a few decades ago.

Data are stored on punched cards or tape. Retrieval is accomplished by automatic sorting and listing equipment, including devices for plotting data directly on base maps. Data processing may range from simple summaries to more elaborate statistical and mathematical analysis. A wide range of equipment is available for these functions, culminating in present ultra-highspeed digital computers.

The high-speed computer has opened new doors for the extraction of maximum information from geological observations. Studies of interrelationships among rock properties, faunal groups, mappable data, and a host of other kinds of analyses are possible, and are being used increasingly by geologists. An example of trend surface analysis of maps is presented as an illustration. The general problem of setting up "program libraries" for use by geologists, as well as "data centers" for storage, is touched upon.

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