The carbonate rocks of the Oka complex contain abnormally high amounts of Zr, Nb, Ce, La, Nd, Sr, Ba, P, Mn, Ti, Na, K, F, S, and Cr, and give rise to an impressive array of unusual and rare minerals. Sixty-five minerals have been so far identified from the alkaline rocks and carbonatite at Oka.

As in most alkaline complexes the paucity of silica is reflected in the low silica type of minerals they contain, by the presence of oxide minerals of iron, titanium, phosphorus, and niobium, and undersaturated silicate rocks. Substitution of elements in some of the minerals is inferred from their chemical composition, and probably accounts for their anomalous optical properties. The constituent minerals of the silicate rocks are commonly characterized by high alkali, alumina, manganese, and low silica content, within some cases unusually high substitution of alumina for silicon. In the oxide minerals niobium commonly substitutes for titanium.

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