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The AAPG/Datapages Combined Publications Database
AAPG Bulletin
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Clay mineral transformations of 10 North Sea wells have been studied, and several transformation stages picked out and correlated with geothermal variations: smectite disappears at 149 to 167°F (65 to 75°C), whereas transformations in the mixed-layer illite-smectite clay minerals are observed between 113 and about 212°F (45 and about 100°C). At temperatures above 113 to 149°F (45 to 65°C), more than 30% illitic layers are found in the mixed-layered clay minerals, whereas temperatures from 140 to 167°F (60 to 75°C) indicate the transition zone toward more than 50% dehydrated lattice positions. Temperatures above 176 to 212°F (80 to 100°C) mark the lower limit for mixed-layer clay minerals containing more than 70% illitic la ers. The major part of the clay mineral transformations apparently takes place in the mesodiagenetic zone, in which most of the hydrocarbons are also formed.
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