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The AAPG/Datapages Combined Publications Database
AAPG Bulletin
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Upper Miocene arkoses of the Yowlumne and Rio Viejo fields, southern San Joaquin Valley, California, are channel-fill turbidites characterized by the dominance of incomplete massive A or AB turbidite sequences. They occur in a depth range of 11,250 to 14,300 ft (3,430 to 4,360 m).
Quartz and feldspar constitute more than 90% of the detrital mineralogy. However, in the Yowlumne and "Stevens" sandstones, K-feldspars dominate over plagioclase by more than a 2:1 ratio, and the plagioclase has an average composition of An14 or less. In the 10-4 sandstone, this ratio is 1:1, and the average plagioclase composition is An32. Diagenesis during deep burial results in extensive feldspar alteration and clay authigenesis. The clay minerals vary in mineralogy, abundance, and sequence of formation in the different units. These variations were considered geochemically, and we concluded that the effect of detrital feldspar composition on the pore-fluid chemistry is the dominant control.
Porosity and permeability of these arkoses are dependent on the abundance and type of authigenic clays; the overall averages are 14.7% and 3.8 md for the 10-4 sandstone, compared to 16.9% and 38 md for the Yowlumne and "Stevens" sandstones. Thus, development of reservoir quality is strongly influenced by detrital feldspar composition and diagenesis.
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