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The AAPG/Datapages Combined Publications Database
AAPG Bulletin
Abstract
AAPG Bulletin, V.
Modeling
Based on 3-D
Seismic
: The Tertiary Malampaya and Camago Buildups,
Offshore Palawan, Philippines
1Manuscript received June 24, 1998;
revised manuscript received May 25, 1999; final acceptance May 27, 1999.
2Shell Research and Technical Services
B.V., Rijswijk, The Netherlands. Present address: Abu Dhabi Company for
Onshore Oil Operations (ADCO), P.O. Box 270, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates;
e-mail: jgrotsch@ emirates.net.ae
3Shell Philippines Exploration and
Production, Manila, Philippines. Present address: NAM B.V. BUO-ODP/1, De
Brauwweg 80, 3100 AA Schiedam, The Netherlands; e-mail: [email protected].
simis.com
modeling
team work completed in 1996. All of the members
of the Shell Philippines Petroleum Engineering Team contributed to the
study, including M. Blaha, P. Diebold, J. van Houwelingen, and K. Mauseth.
Reservoir geological
modeling
and data analysis were performed at Shell
Research. Contributions by A. van der Berg, J. M. Dawans, J. Focke, F.
Glass, and B. Lak are greatly appreciated. Comments by the reviewers Jeff
Dravis and Lesli Wood helped improving the manuscript. We are grateful
to Shell Philippines Exploration (SPEX) for authorizing publication of
these data.
ABSTRACT
A seismic
interpretation
and drilling results indicate complex sedimentary geometries of the Malampaya
and Camago build ups (offshore Palawan, Philippines) with localized progradation
due to unidirectional offbank transport alternating with vertical aggradation.
Successive reduction of size during buildup growth and backstepping of
the protected landward margin in response to transgression ultimately appear
to have triggered the demise of carbonate production and platform drowning.
The shallow-water platform top sediments repeatedly show signs of subaerial
exposure before reflooding.
modeling
functionality was developed to allow
development of multiple-scenario 3-D reservoir models in an exploration
or appraisal stage. The model enables merging of
seismic
-scale observations
based on 3-D volume and horizon analyses with subseismic scale information
from well data; however, inherent noise within the
seismic
data introduced
by the complex buildup morphology has resulted in inconsistent attribute
distribution and fault dimming. These difficulties are compounded by erratic
velocity distribution within the limestone, nonhyperbolic move out, and
a narrow relatively low-frequency spectrum, all of which prevent the use
of the 3-D
seismic
volume as hard data but rather allow its use as a soft
constraint for guiding the geological interpretation and ultimately the
modeling
process.
Seismic
data quality in such complex morphologic settings
and scarcity of well data hamper greatly the use of geostatistically driven
modeling
approaches; therefore, a new functionality was developed within
Shell's proprietary integrated 3-D
modeling
suite (GEOCAP), which allows
deterministic model reservoirs using
seismic
horizon and volume interpretation,
sequence- and cyclo-stratigraphic architecture, and the concept of reservoir
rock type.
Seismic
velocity in clean carbonate formations
is predominantly a function of porosity distribution. To assess time-to-depth
conversion uncertainty, the reservoir rock type based models were first
produced in the time domain. Only after differential 3-D depth conversion
of these models could the scenarios be reconstructed in the depth domain.
The depth models subsequently were used to derive permeability and saturation
3-D distortions, and thus hydrocarbon volumes for each deterministic scenario.
The models were then used for simulation purposes.
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