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AAPG Bulletin

Abstract

AAPG Bulletin, V. 90, No. 11 (November 2006), P. 1787-1801.

Copyright copy2006. The American Association of Petroleum Geologists. All rights reserved.

DOI:10.1306/06270605082

Fractured hydrothermal dolomite reservoirs in the Devonian Dundee Formation of the central Michigan Basin

John A. Luczaj,1 William B. Harrison III,2 Natalie Smith Williams3

1Department of Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Wisconsin–Green Bay, Green Bay, Wisconsin 54311; [email protected]
2Michigan Basin Core Research Laboratory, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008; [email protected]
3Department of Geosciences, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008

ABSTRACT

The Middle Devonian Dundee Formation is the most prolific oil-producing unit in the Michigan Basin, with more than 375 million bbl of oil produced to date. Reservoir types in the Dundee Formation can be fracture controlled or facies controlled, and each type may have been diagenetically modified. Although fracture-controlled reservoirs produce more oil than facies-controlled reservoirs, little is known about the process by which they were formed and diagenetically modified.

In parts of the Dundee, preexisting sedimentary fabrics have been strongly overprinted by medium- to coarse-grained dolomite. Dolomitized intervals contain planar and saddle dolomite, with minor calcite, anhydrite, pyrite, and uncommon fluorite. Fluid-inclusion analyses of two-phase aqueous inclusions in dolomite and calcite suggest that some water-rock interaction in these rocks occurred at temperatures as high as 120–150degC in the presence of dense Na-Ca-Mg-Cl brines. These data, in conjunction with published organic maturity data and burial reconstructions, are not easily explained by a long-term burial model and have important implications for the thermal history of the Michigan Basin. The data are best explained by a model involving short-duration transport of fluids and heat from deeper parts of the basin along major fault and fracture zones connected to structures in the Precambrian basement. These data give new insight into the hydrothermal processes responsible for the formation of these reservoirs.

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