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AAPG Bulletin

Abstract

AAPG Bulletin, V. 98, No. 7 (July 2014), PP. 13511376.

Copyright copy2014. The American Association of Petroleum Geologists. All rights reserved.

DOI: 10.1306/02031413060

Calibrating discrete Previous HitfractureNext Hit-network models with a carbonate three-dimensional outcrop Previous HitfractureNext Hit network: Implications for naturally fractured reservoir modeling

K. Bisdom,1 B. D. M. Gauthier,2 G. Bertotti,3 and N. J. Hardebol4

1Delft University of Technology, Department of Geoscience and Engineering, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN Delft, The Netherlands; [email protected]
2Total EP, Tour Coupole, 2 place Jean Millier, La Défense 6, 92078 Paris-La Défense Cedex, France; [email protected]
3Delft University of Technology, Department of Geoscience and Engineering, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN Delft, The Netherlands; VU University Amsterdam, Department of Tectonics/Structural Geology, The Netherlands; [email protected]
4Delft University of Technology, Department of Geoscience and Engineering, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN Delft, The Netherlands; [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Modeling naturally fractured reservoirs requires a detailed understanding of the three-dimensional (3D) Previous HitfractureNext Hit-network characteristics, whereas generally only one-dimensional (1D) data, often suffering from sampling artifacts, are available as inputs for modeling. Additional Previous HitfractureNext Hit properties can be derived from outcrop analogs with the scanline method, but it does not capture their full two-dimensional (2D) characteristics. We propose an improved workflow based on a 2D field-digitizing tool for mapping and analyzing Previous HitfractureNext Hit parameters as well as relations to bedding. From Previous HitfractureNext Hit data collected along 11 vertical surface outcrops in a quarry in southeast France, we quantify uncertainties in modeling Previous HitfractureNext Hit networks. The Previous HitfractureNext Hit-frequency distribution fits a Gaussian distribution that we use to evaluate the intrinsic Previous HitfractureNext Hit density variability within the quarry at different observation scales along well-analog scanlines. Excluding well length as a parameter, we find that 30 wells should be needed to fully (i.e., steady variance) capture the natural variability in Previous HitfractureNext Hit spacing. This illustrates the challenge in trying to predict Previous HitfractureNext Hit spacing in the subsurface from limited well data. Furthermore, for models with varying scanline orientations we find that Terzaghi-based spacing corrections fail when the required correction angle is more than 60°. We apply the 1D well analog data to calculate 3D Previous HitfractureTop frequency using stereological relations and find that these relations only work for cases in which the orientation distribution is accurately described, as results greatly vary with small changes in the orientation distribution.

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