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The AAPG/Datapages Combined Publications Database
AAPG Bulletin
Abstract
AAPG Bulletin, V.
DOI: 10.1306/0422201618817104
Petroleum
migration
and accumulation: Modeling and applications
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Xiaorong Luo,1 Likuan Zhang,2 Yuhong Lei,3 and Wan Yang4
1Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources Research, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Innovation Academy for Earth Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; [email protected]
2Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources Research, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Innovation Academy for Earth Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; [email protected]
3Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources Research, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Innovation Academy for Earth Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; [email protected]
4Geology and Geophysics Program, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri; Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources Research, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Subsurface hydrocarbon observations at any scale serve as critical clues to understand and reconstruct migration
pathways and charge histories through geological time to assess the risk of petroleum exploration targets. Hydrocarbon
migration
commonly occurred millions of years ago, and the pathways can rarely be observed in wells or in outcrops. Therefore, hydrocarbon
migration
modeling tools are important to test and quantify the processes and elements, which impact hydrocarbon
migration
. This paper presents a new method of analyzing
migration
in superimposed basins, which have experienced multiple stages of basin subsidence and inversion, during which multiple episodes of hydrocarbon generation,
migration
, and accumulation occurred.
The new modeling method first identifies the character of the migration
and accumulation units by synthesizing geological factors, such as heterogeneity of carrier beds and reservoirs. Second, hydrocarbon
migration
is analyzed as a geologic process, for which the invasion-percolation (IP)
migration
method seems to be most suitable. The IP
migration
method demonstrates a good relationship between
migration
driving and resisting forces along pathways and thus can be used to reasonably model hydrocarbon
migration
processes at any scale of units in a basin.
The new migration
method provides insights into quantitative methods that can be applied to petroleum system analysis. The new method has been applied to several Chinese basins and has proven to be useful for defining exploration targets and resource assessments in mature, frontier, and, especially, tectonically complex basins. A case study of the Upper Triassic Chang 7 and Chang 8 units in the southern Ordos Basin, central China, is presented to demonstrate a multistage hydrocarbon accumulation unit. Modeling results show that the same pairs of reservoir-seal sets contained different accumulation units in the geological past with different styles of hydrocarbon
migration
and different accumulation patterns. It can be concluded that the style and character of early hydrocarbon
migration
have significantly affected the more recent hydrocarbon
migration
and the present-day distribution of hydrocarbons.
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