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AAPG Bulletin, Preliminary version published online Ahead of Print 20 November 2023.

Copyright © 2023. The American Association of Petroleum Geologists. All rights reserved.

DOI:10.1306/10192321180

High-precision seismic imaging for complex deep structures in the hydrocarbon exploration using a coherent-stacking-based least-squares migration

Jianping Huang, Jidong Yang, Tengfei Lin, Zhenchun Li, and Liang Chen

Ahead of Print Abstract

With the rapid development of the petroleum industry, oil and gas exploration gradually changes from conventional shallow and middle-depth reservoirs to deep and ultra-deep reservoirs. In west China, especially in the Tarim basin, the deep Ordovician and ultra-deep Cambrian carbonate is the most important hydrocarbon reservoir. But because of complex near-surface condition and complicated subsurface structures, high-precision seismic imaging for such deep and ultra-deep reservoirs is still challenging with the state-of-art migration methods. One of the critical factors is that the reflections from deep and ultra-deep strata cannot be coherently stacked in the migration because of accumulative traveltime errors caused by inaccurate velocity model. To mitigate this issue, we present a coherent-stack-based least-squares migration (LSM) approach to improve the imaging quality for deep and ultra-deep structures. Unlike traditional LSM that uses the stacked gradient during iterations, the proposed method updates the reflectivity model in subsurface half-opening Previous HitangleNext Hit domain, and then applies a coherent stacking to implement constructive summation for Previous HitangleNext Hit-domain Previous HitcommonTop-image gathers. The new LSM scheme enables us to reduce the artifacts caused by inaccurate velocity model and produces high-quality image for deep and ultra-deep strata. Two models with typical steep-dipping faults, overthrust folds and fault-karst carbonate reservoirs are designed to test the feasibility of the proposed method, and a field dataset from a land survey is used to demonstrate its adaptability for low SNR data.

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Please cite this AAPG Bulletin Ahead of Print article as:

Jianping Huang, Jidong Yang, Tengfei Lin, Zhenchun Li, Liang Chen: High-precision seismic imaging for complex deep structures in the hydrocarbon exploration using a coherent-stacking-based least-squares migration, (in press; preliminary version published online Ahead of Print 20 November 2023: AAPG Bulletin, DOI:10.1306/10192321180.

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