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CSPG Bulletin

Abstract


Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology
Vol. 24 (1976), No. 4. (December), Pages 640-818

Biostratigraphy and Taxonomy of Devonian Megaspores, Arctic Canada

B. I. Chi, L. V. Hills

TABLE OF CONTENTS

  • INTRODUCTION, Page 644
    • Previous Work, Page 644
    • Previous Studies of Devonian Palynology, Page 644
    • Field Work, Page 646
  • LOCATION OF SAMPLES AND LABORATORY TECHNIQUES, Page 646
    • Distribution of Sampling Localities, Page 646
    • Sampling Procedure, Page 646
    • Sample Preparation, Page 654
    • Counting Procedure, Page 654
    • Slides, Page 654
  • STRATIGRAPHY, Page 655
    • Blackley Formation, Page 655
    • Cape De Bray Formation, Page 656
    • Weatherall Formation, Page 657
    • Hecla Bay Formation, Page 660
    • Griper Bay Subgroup, Page 661
    • Beverley Inlet Formation, Page 662
    • Parry Islands Formation, Page 663
    • Imperial Formation, Page 664
  • STRATIGRAPHIC PALYNOLOGY, Page 667
    • Introduction, Page 667
    • Assemblage Zones, Page 667
      • The Barren Interval, Page 667
      • The Macromanifestus Zone, Page 667
      • The Delicatus Zone, Page 679
      • The Grandis Zone, Page 680
      • The Medius Zone, Page 680
      • The Maclarenii Zone, Page 681
      • The Devonica Zone, Page 682
      • The Magnifica Zone, Page 682
    • Correlation of Sections, Page 683
  • PALEOENVIRONMENTAL SIGNIFICANCE OF MEGASPORES, Page 683
  • SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS, Page 690
  • SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTIONS, Page 691
    • Enigmophytospora, Page 691
    • Enigmophytospora simplex, Page 691
    • Retusotriletes, Page 692
    • Retusotriletes distinctus, Page 692
    • Trileites, Page 693
    • Trileites langii, Page 693
    • Apiculiretusispora, Page 695
    • Apiculiretusispora porcatus, Page 695
    • Verruciretusispora, Page 697
    • Verruciretusispora primus, Page 697
    • Verrucisporites, Page 698
    • Verrucisporites medius, Page 698
    • Verrucisporites medius var. minutus, Page 699
    • Verrucisporites medius var. medius, Page 699
    • Verrucisporites medius var. magnus, Page 700
    • Verrucisporites ellesmerensis, Page 701
    • Verrucisporites ellesmerensis var. ellesmerensis, Page 703
    • Verrucisporites ellesmerensis var. connatus, Page 703
    • Verrucisporites ellesmerensis var. parvus, Page 704
    • Verrucisporites submammillarius, Page 705
    • Biharisporites, Page 706
End_Page 641------------------------
    • Biharisporites arcticus, Page 706
    • Biharisporites arcticus var. arcticus, Page 707
    • Biharisporites arcticus var. spinosus, Page 708
    • Biharisporites arcticus var. productus, Page 709
    • Hystricosporites, Page 710
    • Hystricosporites delectabilis, Page 711
    • Hystricosporites costatus, Page 712
    • Hystricosporites furcatus, Page 714
    • Hystricosporites grandis, Page 715
    • Hystricosporites gravis, Page 716
    • Hystricosporites bulbosus, Page 717
    • Hystricosporites elongatus, Page 720
    • Hystricosporites expandus, Page 721
    • Hystricosporites spiralis, Page 722
    • Hystricosporites validus, Page 723
    • Trichodosporites, Page 725
    • Trichodosporites delicatus, Page 725
    • Trichodosporites minor, Page 727
    • Trichodosporites divisus, Page 729
    • Lagenicula, Page 730
    • Lagenicula devonica, Page 730
    • Lagenicula devonica var. devonica, Page 730
    • Lagenicula devonica var. reticulatus, Page 732
    • Lagenicula bulbosus, Page 733
    • Lagenicula constrictus, Page 735
    • Nikitinsporites, Page 737
    • Nikitinsporites canadensis, Page 737
    • Nikitinsporites radiatus, Page 739
    • Nikitinsporites simplex, Page 741
    • Nikitinsporites verrucatus, Page 742
    • Cirratriradites, Page 743
    • Cirratriradites grandis, Page 743
    • Ocksisporites, Page 745
    • Ocksisporites maclarenii, Page 745
    • Ocksisporites connatispinosus, Page 746
    • Ocksisporites rugulatus, Page 746
    • Triangulatisporites, Page 746
    • Triangulatisporites rootsii, Page 746
    • Triangulatisporites rootsii var. rootsii, Page 746
    • Triangulatisporites rootsii var. irregularis, Page 746
    • Triangulatisporites rootsii var. reticulatus, Page 746
    • Triangulatisporites rootsii var. regulatus, Page 747
    • Triangulatisporites rootsii var. A, Page 747
    • Auroraspora, Page 747
    • Auroraspora macromanifestus, Page 747
    • Grandispora, Page 749
    • Grandispora velata, Page 750
    • Grandispora longus, Page 752
    • Grandispora cassideus, Page 753
    • Grandispora magnifica, Page 754
    • Grandispora microfoveolatus, Page 756
    • Grandispora multiapicalis, Page 758
    • Rhabdosporites, Page 759
    • Rhabdosporites langii, Page 759
    • Contagisporites, Page 762
    • Contagisporites optivus, Page 762
    • Contagisporites optivus var. optivus, Page 762
    • Contagisporites optivus var. vorobjevensis, Page 763
    • Ancyrospora, Page 764
    • Ancyrospora acutispinosus, Page 765
    • Ancyrospora bacillaris, Page 766
    • Ancyrospora deltatus, Page 769
    • Ancyrospora multiacicularis, Page 771
  • PLATES, Page 773
  • REFERENCES, Page 808
  • APPENDIX I: COMPOSITE STRATIGRAPHIC SECTIONS, Page 814
End_Page 642------------------------

The writers are grateful to Dr. J. E. Klovan for discussion of problems, organization of the Melville Island Project and encouragement. Dr. D. C. McGregor of the Geological Survey of Canada encouraged and inspired the writers through numerous stimulating discussions of taxonomic problems. For helpful suggestions and critical reading of the manuscript, the writers extend their sincere thanks to Drs. K. C. Allen, C. D. Bird, S. J. Nelson, H. P. Trettin and N. C. Wardlaw. Ted Best, Dave Barss and Gary Johnston, of BP Canada, encouraged and aided the senior writer in carrying out this study. Thanks are also due Ashton Embry for his discussion of the problem and his assistance in the field. For her help in the preparation and analysis of samples and in proof-reading, the writers gratefully acknowledge Beverley McCaffery.

Lewis Cauffman, Chamberlin Oyibo, Dave Findlay and Eric Johnson aided in the field. Margaret Martyniuk, Donna Rottenfusser and Ellina Wilkes are acknowledged for their help in the laboratory preparation of the samples.

Drs. A. E. Oldershaw, D. Shackleton, and Alex Graham and Rick Larush in the photographic works, Valerie Matwick and Wanda Rottenfusser for the typing, Lorne Perry for the drawing of the figures, Marilyn Groot and Peter Wolters for the drafting are also thanked.

Operating expenses received from Atlantic Richfield Ltd., BP Canada, Deminex Ltd., Elf Oil Exploration and Production Ltd., Murphy Oil Company Ltd., Pacific Petroleums Ltd., Panarctic Oil Ltd., the Boreal Institute for Northern Studies, the University of Alberta, and grants from the National Research Council of Canada (L.V.H.) are gratefully acknowledged.

Polar continental-shelf projects provided logistic support for some of the work on Melville, Banks and Prince Patrick Islands, for which the authors are grateful.

ABSTRACT

Late Middle and Upper Devonian megaspores and miospores have been obtained from approximately 15,240 m (50,000 ft.) of strata from 7 sections in the Canadian Arctic. These sections include: the Okse Bay Group on Ellesmere Island; the Blackley (oldest), Cape De Bray, Weatherall, Hecla Bay, Beverley Inlet and Parry Islands Formations on Melville, Prince Patrick and Banks Islands; and the Imperial Formation of the District of Mackenzie.

The palynomorphs recovered are assignable to 19 genera and 47 species. Of these, 38 are megaspores and 9 are miospores. Two genera, 21 megaspore species, 3 miospore species and 14 varieties assignable to 4 species of megaspores are described as new.

Seven assemblage zones, Givetian to Famennian in age, are established on the basis of the relative abundance and the first or last occurrence of characteristic species. From oldest to youngest these are: 1) the Macromanifestus zone; 2) the Delicatus zone; 3) the Grandis zone; 4) the Medius zone; 5) the Maclarenii zone; 6) the Devonica zone and 7) the Magnifica zone. The contact between the Grandis-Medius zones approximates the Givetian-Frasnian boundary whereas that of the Devonica-Magnifica zones approximates the Frasnian-Famennian boundary.

By utilizing megaspore counts and some sedimentological data, the depositional environments have been classified into continental, stable nearshore marine, unstable nearshore marine, and offshore marine.

End_Page 643------------------------

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