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CSPG Bulletin

Abstract


Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology
Hydrocarbon plays in the Silurian -- Devonian Gaspe Belt, Quebec Appalachians
Vol. 49 (2001), No. 2. (June), Pages 282-298

The Lower Silurian Sayabec Formation in Northern Gaspe: Carbonate Diagenesis and Reservoir Potential

Denis Lavoie, Guoxiang Chi

ABSTRACT

The Lower Silurian Sayabec Formation represents a peritidal-dominated carbonate ramp that developed at the northern edge of the post-Taconian Gaspe successor basin. In the Late Silurian, during the Salinic disturbance, the Sayabec ramp was subaerially exposed locally. This could have lead to the formation of economically significant secondary dissolution porosity. A detailed diagenetic study of the Sayabec Formation was carried out at selected localities along the Northern Outcrop Belt in the Gaspe Peninsula, where the Salinic unconformity and hydrothermal alteration of the carbonate facies have been documented.

The diagenetic history consists of initial minor marine diagenesis (marine cements in boundstones and neptunian dykes) followed by pervasive burial diagenesis that resulted in the emplacement of various pore- and fracture-filling calcite cements, due to the mixing of basinal brines and hydrothermal fluids. Late Silurian tectonic exhumation of the lithified carbonate ramp is recorded locally in meteoric-cement-filled fractures that were dissolution-enhanced after early burial. The significance of this event in generating porosity was relatively minor.

Preserved porosity is observed where limestone facies and calcite cements were completely replaced by hydrothermal saddle dolomite. However, the porous dolostone is of geographically limited extent. The hydrothermal event is mostly recorded in high-temperature calcite cements that occlude burial fractures.

RESUME

La Formation silurienne inferieure de Sayabec represente une rampe a carbonates a dominance peritidale qui bordait la limite nord du bassin successeur post-taconien de la Gaspesie. Cette rampe fut, au Silurien tardif, localement exposee a des conditions sub-aeriennes (Discordance Salinique) menant a la formation d'une porosite secondaire de dissolution possiblement economiquement importante. Une etude diagenetique detaillee du Sayabec fut menee pour des sites representatifs le long de la Bande du Nord en Gaspesie ou la discordance Salinique est bien documentee et ou egalement une alteration hydrothermale des facie a carbonates est connue.

L'histoire diagenetique consiste en une diagenese marine mineure (ciments marins dans des bioconstructions et dykes neptuniens), suivie d'un systeme diagenetique d'enfouissement enregistre dans les generations de calcite de remplissage de pores et de fractures representant localement un melange de saumures de bassin et de fluides hydrothermaux. L'exhumation tectonique au Silurien tardif de la rampe a carbonates deja lithifiee fut localement enregistree grace a la presence d'un episode de fracturation/dissolution cimente par des calcites meteoriques qui a suivi un enfouissement initial. L'importance de cet evenement pour le developpement de porosite fut mineure. Une porosite actuelle s'observe localement due a un remplacement total des faciescalcaires et des ciments calcitiques par une dolomite baroque d'origine hydrothermale. Cette derniere possede cependant une extension geographique limitee. L'evenement hydrothermal fut principalement enregistre dans des ciments de calcite de hautes temperatures colmatant les fractures d'enfouissement.

Traduit par les auteurs.

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