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The AAPG/Datapages Combined Publications Database
Environmental Geosciences (DEG)
Abstract
Groundwater Quality Implications of Bank-Storage in a Crystalline-Rock Setting
1 Geosciences Department, State University of West Georgia, Carrollton, GA 30118
2 Department of Geology and Geological Engineering, South Dakota School of Mines, Rapid City, SD 57701
3 Geosciences Department, State University of West Georgia, Carrollton, GA 30118
James Mayer is a hydrogeologist with the Department of Geosciences, State University of West Georgia in Carrollton, Georgia. His current research interests are stream–groundwater interaction and karst hydrogeology. He received his Ph.D. from the University of Texas at Austin, his M.S. from Cornell University, and his B.S. from the University of Wisconsin, Madison.
Barry George recently graduated from the State University of West Georgia where he earned a Bachelor of Science degree in Geology.
Jonathan Brinson is currently seeking a M.S. in Geological Engineering from the South Dakota School of Mines and Technology in Rapid City, South Dakota. He received his B.S. from the State University of West Georgia in Carrollton, Georgia.
ABSTRACT
Numerical simulation of interaction between a river and adjacent alluvium
and saprolite groundwaters in the Piedmont physiographic province
of western Georgia, U.S.A. suggests that bank storage in this crystalline-rock
setting is mediated by elastic
storativity rather than the more commonly
assumed piston flow. Hydraulic head responds almost instantly to
river stage increase despite relatively low hydraulic conductivity
of surficial materials. Modeling suggests that aquifer hydraulic
head variation is primarily a pressure response to stream stage change
and that very little infiltration of river water into alluvium and
saprolite occurs. Most unconfined aquifer bank storage models do
not account for
elastic
effects and will therefore greatly underpredict
the rate and magnitude of groundwater hydraulic head change and greatly overpredict surface water infiltration. Results suggest that
groundwater adjacent to this and similar streams in crystalline-rock settings
is not necessarily threatened by contamination from passing surface-water
flood waves, even when a strong hydraulic connection between river
and groundwater exists and even in cases where hydraulic gradient
reverses and is temporarily directed from the river into its banks.
Because this site is typical of many near-stream sites in the Piedmont
and other crystalline-rock settings, these results may be widely
applicable.
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