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The AAPG/Datapages Combined Publications Database
Environmental Geosciences (DEG)
Abstract
Environmental Geosciences, V.
2003. The American Association of Petroleum Geologists/Division of Environmental Geosciences. All rights reserved.
Hydrochemical variations in a Spring-Fed River, Spring River, Arkansas
Robyn Hannigan,1 Nate Bickford2
1Arkansas State University, Environmental Sciences, PO Box 847, State University, Arkansas 72467; [email protected]
2Arkansas State University, Environmental Sciences, PO Box 847, State University, Arkansas 72467
AUTHORS
Hannigan is currently an associate professor at the Arkansas State University. He received his B.S. degree in biology and chemistry in the College of New Jersey (1988), his M.S. degree in geology in the State University of New York at Buffalo (1994), and his M.S. degree and his Ph.D. in geochemistry in the University of Rochester (1995). He is a National Science Foundation REU leadership council awardee and has been an Aldo Leopold Leadership Fellow since 2001.
Bickford received his B.S. degree in biology in the Lenoir-Rhyne University (1997), his M.S. degree in biology in the Appalachian State University (2000), and is currently a Ph.D. candidate at the Arkansas State University. He is currently serving the Environmental Sciences Program of Arkansas State University as graduate assistant.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
This research was supported in part by grants to Hannigan from the Arkansas Water Resources Center and Arkansas Biosciences Institute. We thank the Environmental Science Program for field support and Water-Rock-Life Laboratory (WRL) for laboratory support. We also thank WRL undergraduates Brad Hamilton, K.J. Spillman, and Lindsay Jones for help in the field. We thank Lakshmanan Elango and Dibyendu Sarkar for their thoughtful review and editing of this manuscript.
ABSTRACT
Streamwater chemistry of the Spring River, Arkansas, is explained as a mixture of ground water, overland/subsurface flow, and bank storage. These end-member components are considered to be invariant in space and time, with overland flow being chemically identical to subsurface flow. Binary mixing models were used to identify the end members, with solutes Ca2+, Na+, Si, NO3
, PO43, and DOC having sufficient variation in the streamwaters. These end members were used in a ternary mixing model to assess the relative contributions of end-member components to streamwater chemistry. The percentage of variance explained by the end-member mixing analysis ranges from 38 to 99%, with the results of this model being reasonable in light of hydrograph separation and mass-balance calculations. Constraining the end-member compositions and allowing their composition to change over time will provide results that more accurately reflect streamwater chemistry.
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