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The AAPG/Datapages Combined Publications Database
Environmental Geosciences (DEG)
Abstract
Environmental Geosciences, V.
2009. The American Association of Petroleum Geologists/Division of Environmental Geosciences. All rights reserved.
DOI:10.1306/eg.04080909001
Well test results and reservoir performance for a carbon dioxide injection test in the Bass Islands Dolomite in the Michigan Basin
Joel Sminchak,1 Neeraj Gupta,2 Jacqueline Gerst3
1Battelle, 505 King Ave, Columbus, Ohio 43201; [email protected]
2Battelle, 505 King Ave, Columbus, Ohio 43201
3Battelle, 505 King Ave, Columbus, Ohio 43201
AUTHORS
Joel Sminchak has worked at Battelle since 1997 as a research scientist with a focus on carbon sequestration and hydrogeology. He earned his B.S. degree in geology 
from
the University of Dayton and his M.S. degree in hydrogeology from Ohio State University.
Neeraj Gupta is the senior research leader for carbon management at Battelle. He received his Ph.D. in hydrogeology from Ohio State University, his M.S. degree in geochemistry from George Washington University, and his M.Sc. and B.Sc. degrees in geology from Panjab University, India.
Jacqueline Gerst is a geophysicist at Battelle with an emphasis on carbon sequestration research. She has a B.S. degree in applied physics and geology and an M.S. degree in geology from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This article was based on a project performed under the Midwest Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnership (MRCSP), part of the U.S. Department of Energy and National Energy Technology Laboratory regional carbon sequestration partnership program (cooperative agreement DE-FC26-05NT42589). The authors extend their special thanks to Core Energy, DTE Energy, and partnership project manager David Ball of Battelle for assistance in the field effort. The geological characterization effort was led by David Barnes and William Harrison of Western Michigan University.
ABSTRACT
Analysis of well test results and reservoir behavior is presented for a 10,241-t carbon dioxide (CO2) injection test in the Michigan Basin. The test site was located in Otsego County, Michigan, and was part of the Midwest Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnership (MRCSP) program. The injection target was a deep saline rock formation, named the Bass Islands Dolomite, at a depth of 1049–1071 m (3442–3514 ft). Rock core tests on this formation suggested an average permeability of 22 md and porosity of 13% across 22 m (72 ft). Hydraulic monitoring included metering injection at the wellhead and downhole pressure and temperature logging in the injection well and a nearby deep monitoring well. Pressure response curves were analyzed for a step-rate injection and shut-in recovery tests. Downhole pressure in the injection well was approximately 13,800–13,930 kPa at injection rates of 400–600 t CO2 per day. Step-rate injection testing suggested that injection rates of several hundred thousand metric tons CO2 per year may be sustainable in a single well. Injection test pressure falloff analysis showed that the overall reservoir permeability may be more than twice as high as indicated from rock core tests. This successful test provides extremely valuable field information on all aspects of the CO2 storage feasibility for both the test region and the broader deployment of the technology.
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