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The AAPG/Datapages Combined Publications Database

Journal of Sedimentary Research (SEPM)

Abstract


Journal of Sedimentary Petrology
Vol. 58 (1988)No. 3. (May), Pages 489-505

Oxygen Isotope Studies of Previous HitDiagenesisNext Hit and Pore-Water Evolution in the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin: Evidence From the Upper Cretaceous Basal Belly River Previous HitSandstoneNext Hit, Alberta

Avner Ayalon, Fred J. Longstaffe (2)

ABSTRACT

The oxygen isotope compositions and paragenetic sequence of diagenetic minerals from the Upper Cretaceous basal Belly River Previous HitsandstoneNext Hit, southwestern Alberta, have been used to identify changes in pore-water composition during Previous HitdiagenesisNext Hit. These changes can be related to major geologic events within the western Canada sedimentary basin. Low-18O meteoric water has played an important role in the Previous HitdiagenesisNext Hit of these Upper Cretaceous rocks on a basinwide scale during deposition and early Previous HitdiagenesisNext Hit and following uplift of the basin in early Eocene time.

Diagenetic phases include early chlorite (^dgr18O = +6.1 to +8.3^pmil) and calcite (^dgr18OSMOW = +21.0^pmil; ^dgr13CPDB = -1.6^pmil), followed by quartz overgrowths (^dgr18O = + 13. 1 to + 18.0^pmil), calcite (^dgr18OSMOW = + 10.4 to + 14.4^pmil; ^dgr13CPDB = - 10.6 to - 1.2^pmil), and then kaolinite (^dgr18O = +7.8 to + 11.9^pmil), illite/smectite (^dgr18O = +10.9 to +13.1^pmil) and smectite (^dgr18O = +12.6 to +13.7^pmil). The interpretation of these results is that shallow Previous HitdiagenesisNext Hit, early in the burial history (chlorite, calcite) occurred in the presence of brackish or fresh water. With burial, the ^dgr18O value of the pore water increased due to water/rock interaction. Burial Previous HitdiagenesisTop was terminated in the early Eocene by uplift (Laramide Orogeny). Recharge of the basin by low-18O meteoric water occurred at this time. The meteoric water then became involved in the formation of diagenetic quartz and calcite at or near maximum burial temperatures, and in the crystallization at lower temperatures of kaolinite, illite/smectite, and smectite as post-Eocene cooling and erosion progressed.


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