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Abstract
Chapter from: M
62: Petroleum Basins of South America
Edited by
A. J. Tankard, R. Suarez Soruco, and H. J. WelsinkAuthors:
F. Fernandez-Seveso and A. J. Tankard Basin and Aerial Analysis/Evaluation
Published 1995 as
part of Memoir 62
Copyright © 1995 The American Association of Petroleum
Geologists. All Rights Reserved. |
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Tectonics
and Stratigraphy of the Late Paleozoic Paganzo Basin of Western Argentina
and its
Regional Implications
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Fernando Fernandez-Seveso
YPF SA
Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Anthony J. Tankard
Tankard Enterprises
Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Abstract
The Carboniferous-Permian
Paganzo succession straddles the Pampeanas, Precordillera, and Chilenia
terranes. Late Devonian-Early Carboniferous diastrophism of the Chañic
event separated very different early and late Paleozoic histories of basin
formation. The Paganzo basin was initiated in the Visean by reactivation
of old terrane boundaries. The early Paganzo consisted of a suite of discrete
fault-controlled depocenters interpreted as transtensional pull-apart basins
linked to right-lateral displacement along major crustal faults. Younger
phases of basin formation were characterized by amalgamation of these various
depocenters into a single broad basin.
The Paganzo succession is
divided into four supersequences by major hiatuses. These are the Guandacol,
Tupe, and lower and upper Patquía-De la Cuesta supersequences. Each
is constructed by stacked unconformity-bounded depositional sequences.
These four supersequences record the various stages of basin evolution.
The Guandacol sediments were deposited in isolated basins. Fieldwork shows
a pattern of rapid subsidence and stacking of coarse alluvial facies along
basin-bounding faults. The characteristics of the finer grained strata
indicate a periglacial influence. The overlying Tupe supersequence suggests
a gradual cessation of fault activity as the various depocenters were yoked
together. Tupe stratigraphy onlaps the Guandacol-Tupe unconformity and
buries some of the previous interbasin highs. In Patquía-De la Cuesta
time, the Paganzo basin had widened to its maximum extent. Significant
transgressions are recorded in Tupe (Westphalian-Stephanian) and Patquía-De
la Cuesta (Artinskian and Kazanian) stratigraphy. Extensive geochemical
studies show that Patquía source rocks are oil prone. Although indications
are that the Paganzo basin is prospective, it remains largely untested.
Regional studies show that
the strike-slip faults that controlled Carboniferous basin development
in northwestern Argentina diverge northward where they become involved
in the Chaco salient of the Bolivian Andes. The Tupambi-Tarija and Escarpment
sequences of Bolivia are broadly contemporaneous with the Guandacol and
Tupe stratigraphy of the Paganzo basin. They share similar depositional
characteristics typical of rapidly subsiding transtensional basins, including
stacked alluvial facies, thick debris flow diamictites, massive soft sediment
deformation, and dewatering structures. The Escarpment Formation represents
an expansion of the earlier Tupambi-Tarija depocenters and contains an
anastomosing drainage system. |
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