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Abstract
Chapter from: M
66: Hydrocarbon Migration And Its Near-Surface Expression
Edited By
Dietmar Schumacher and Michael A. AbramsAuthors:
I. S. Guliev and A. A. Feizullayev Geochemistry, Generation, Migration
Published 1996 as
part of Memoir 66
Copyright © 1996 The American Association of Petroleum
Geologists. All Rights Reserved.
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Guliev,
I. S., and A. A. Feizullayev, 1996, Geochemistry of hydrocarbon seepages
in Azerbaijan, in D. Schumacher and M. A. Abrams, eds., Hydrocarbon
migration and its near-surface expression: AAPG Memoir 66, p. 63-70.
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Chapter
5
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Geochemistry
of Hydrocarbon Seepages in Azerbaijan |
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| I. S. Guliev
A. A. Feizullayev
Geology Institute of the
Azerbaijan
Academy of Sciences
Baku, Republic of Azerbaijan
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Abstract
Oil and gas seeps on the western
flank of the South Caspian Basin are associated with mud volcanoes, outcrops
of oil-bearing strata, and mineral water springs. Most of the seepage occurs
in faulted zones along the basin flanks. Gas seepage can be subdivided
into three groups based on gas composition, isotopic composition, and the
age of exposed rocks. Neogene-Quaternary seeps are predominantly methane
and are derived from low-maturity organic matter and biogenic sources.
Mesozoic-Paleogene seeps have more wet gas and nonhydrocarbon components
and were generated during late catagenesis. Paleozoic-Mesozoic seeps have
the greatest amount of methane, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide and have undergone
the highest degree of catagenesis. Oil seepage can be subdivided into isotopically
light and heavy groups. The chemical and isotopic changes in the gas and
oil seepages are regular and systematic, allowing the data to be used for
correlation. Reservoir oils can also be subdivided into two groups: isotopically
heavy Neogene oils and isotopically light Paleogene oils. In general, the
surface hydrocarbon seepages correlate to the subsurface hydrocarbon distribution.
A methodology was developed that predicts that the petroleum prospects
of the deeply buried basin deposits are favorable.
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