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The AAPG/Datapages Combined Publications Database
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Abstract
DOI:10.1306/1033718M852969
2005 by The American Association of Petroleum Geologists.
Analog Models of Faults Associated with Salt Doming and Wrenching: Application to offshore United Arab Emirates
Yasuhiro Yamada,1 Hitoshi Okamura,2 Yoshihiko Tamura,3 Futoshi Tsuneyama4
1Japan Petroleum Exploration Co., Ltd., Research Center, Chiba, Japan; Present address: Department of Earth Resources Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
2Technology Research Center, Japan National Oil Corporation, Chiba, Japan; Present address: INPEX Co., Tokyo, Japan.
3Japan Oil Development Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
4Technology Research Center, Japan National Oil Corporation, Chiba, Japan; Present address: Department of Geophysics, Stanford University, Stanford, California, U.S.A.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
This research was conducted as a part of the Carbonate Reservoir Research Project at Japan National Oil Corporation–Technology Research Center (presently Japan Oil, Gas and Metals National Corporation). We acknowledge permissions to publish this work from the Abu Dhabi National Oil Company, the Japan Oil Development Co., Ltd., the Japan National Oil Corporation, and the Japan Petroleum Exploration Co., Ltd. This chapter was reviewed by Hiroaki Komuro, Christopher Talbot, Ken McClay, and Rasoul Sorkhabi, whose comments greatly improved the manuscript.
ABSTRACT
Regional stress has a significant impact on fault
development during the formation of salt dome structures. To examine such effects of wrenching, we conducted a series of analog experiments of updoming using dry, granular materials and observed the deformation on the top free surface. The experiments included three deformation styles: (1) updoming followed by wrenching, (2) simultaneous updoming and wrenching, and (3) wrenching followed by updoming. In the first series of the experiments, the faults produced by simple updoming were overprinted by two strike-slip
fault
systems that were generated by the subsequent wrenching. The second series of experiments with the configuration of simultaneous updoming and wrenching generated normal faults in a direction perpendicular to relative extension by the wrench. In the third series of experiments, the Riedel and anti-Riedel shear faults formed by wrenching were deformed by the subsequent updoming and were overprinted by the faults related to the updoming.
These experimental results are applied to the fault
systems observed above dome structures in the United Arab Emirates region, where extensive faults in the northwest–southeast direction have developed. By analogy, these faults were probably formed during an updoming and simultaneous wrenching. The direction of simple shear inferred from a comparison of real faults and experimental results suggests that dextral wrenching caused by the Oman stress
regime
during the Late Cretaceous affected the region at the time of the updoming.
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