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The AAPG/Datapages Combined Publications Database
AAPG Special Volumes
Abstract
2005 by The American Association of Petroleum Geologists.
DOI:10.1306/1033721M853128
Fault
Zone Architecture and Permeability Distribution in the Neogene Clastics of Northern Sarawak (Miri Airport Road Outcrop), Malaysia
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Rasoul Sorkhabi,1 Shutaro Hasegawa2
1Technology Research Center, Japan National Oil Corporation, Chiba, Japan; Present address: Energy Geoscience Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, U.S.A.
2Technology Research Center, Japan National Oil Corporation, Chiba, Japan; Present address: Idemitsu Oil Gas Co., Tokyo, Japan.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
We are grateful to the Japan National Oil Corporation (presently Japan Oil, Gas and Metals National Corporation) for supporting this study, to Kiyofumi Suzuki, Andrey Rezanov (formerly of Japan National Oil Corporation), Abdullah Adli, Jalil Basiron of Petroliam Nasional Bhd. for a wonderful fieldwork in Sarawak, and to Mario Wannier of Shell and Charles Stuart (both of whom have first-hand knowledge of the region) for reviewing the chapter and for their comments to improve it.
ABSTRACT
The Miri Airport Road outcrop in Miri, Sarawak, exposes a weakly consolidated sandstone-mudstone sequence of Miocene age in the form of a gentle anticline cut by a series of normal faults. An outcrop study of the normal faults shows that fault
zones in porous sandstones are characterized by a combination of shale smear and anastomosing deformation bands. The continuity of shale smear on
fault
offset was observed as having a shale-smear factor (
fault
throw divided by shale layer thickness) of at least 5. Deformation bands occur as solitary planar structures in the host sandstone away from
fault
zones but increase markedly in density and linkage toward the
fault
slip plane, possibly indicating that faulting evolves from individual bands to a high-strain zone characterized by anastomosing deformation bands and culminating in the
fault
slip plane. Gas-permeability measurements show that individual deformation bands have an order of magnitude lower permeability than in the nearby sandstone matrix, and that the lowest permeability of
fault
zones defined by anastomosing deformation bands is in traverses nearly perpendicular to
fault
planes. It was found that the sandstone matrix in the
fault
zone has a lower permeability than individual deformation bands outside the
fault
zone, indicating that as a whole, the
fault
zone undergoes tectonic compaction and porosity collapse. The development of major normal faults was also accompanied by reactivation of bedding-perpendicular joints as small-displacement, simple-shear faults between the major faults.
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