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Abstract
Chapter from: SG
40: Paleogeography, Paleoclimate, and Source Rocks
Edited By
Alain-Yves HucAuthor:
Gary H. Isaksen Geochemistry, Generation, Migration
Published 1995 as
part of Studies in Geology 40
Copyright © 1995 The American Association of Petroleum
Geologists. All Rights Reserved.
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Chapter 4
*
Organic Geochemistry
of Paleodepositional Environments with a Predominance of Terrigenous Higher-Plant
Organic Matter Gary H. Isaksen
Exxon Production Research
Company
Houston, Texas, U.S.A.
*
ABSTRACT
This study examines the molecular geochemistry
of depositional environments with a predominance of terrigenous higher-plant
organic matter. All analyses have been performed on thermally immature
to early mature rocks in order to constrain molecular observations to organic
facies and minimize any overprint by higher thermal maturity. Such studies,
performed on rock samples, also enable calibration to optical (lithology
and kerogen) and pyrolysis data, obviously not possible from oil studies.
In general, these samples are characterized by high pristane/phytane ratios,
strong predominance of odd-carbon n-alkanes, resin signatures among
tricyclics, predominance of C29 regular steranes, hopane/sterane
ratios up to 25, consistently low concentrations of homo-hopanes, and relatively
high concentrations of oleanane in samples with high contents of angiosperm
debris. Most samples were found to contain C24 tetracyclic terpanes,
whereas C30 pentacyclic compounds, such as C30 17a(H)
diahopane, were present only in some samples. The aromatic fractions were
characterized by relatively high contents of cadalene, agathalene, and
retene components. P2 pyrograms from  programmed pyrolysis-GC
displayed high contents of aromatics derived from the polycondensed aromatic
network in lignins and tannins of higher plants. The oil-generative potential
of these rocks is primarily a function of the kerogens content of high
molecular weight (C20+) aliphatic hydrocarbons and hydrogen
content. |
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