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Abstract
Chapter from: SG
42: Applications of  3-D Seismic Data to Exploration and Production
Edited by:
Paul Weimer and Thomas L. David Authors:
Mario Gutierrez, Eduardo Lozano, and Michael Sroczynski
Published 1996 as
part of Studies in Geology 42
Copyright © 1996 The American Association of Petroleum
Geologists. All Rights Reserved. |
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*Editorial Note: Page numbers in this digital version
(HTML and PDF) do not correspond to those of the hardcopy.
Otherwise, the two are the same.
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CHAPTER 6
Chapter 6: Impact
of 3-D Seismic Interpretation on Reservoir Management in the Apiay-Ariari
Oil Fields, Llanos Basin, Colombia Mario Gutierrez*, Eduardo LozanoÝ,
and Michael Sroczynskiý
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Gutierrez,
M., E. Lozano, and M. Sroczynski, Impact of 3-D seismic interpretation
on reservoir management in the Apiay-Ariari oil fields, Llanos Basin, Colombia,
in P. Weimer and T. L. Davis, eds., AAPG Studies in Geology No. 42 and
SEG Geophysical Developments Series
No. 5, AAPG/SEG, Tulsa,
p. 57-68. |
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SEISMIC
OVERVIEW
ECOPETROL contracted Western
Geophysical to acquire and process 125 km2 (78 mi2)
of 3-D seismic data covering the Apiay-Ariari area. The data were jointly
interpreted by an interdisciplinary team of ECOPETROL and Western Geophysical
personnel.
The overall topography of
this region is gently rolling farmlands. The acquisition of data was slightly
hampered by pre-existing production facilities around the Apiay and Suria
fields. Table 1 lists a summary of the main parameters used for the seismic
acquisition (Figure 3).
Standard 3-D seismic processing
was done in Bogotá. In addition, random noise attenuation, instrument
phase correction, and time variant spectral whitening were performed in
Houston to achieve a dataset suitable for stratigraphic interpretation.
STRATIGRAPHIC FRAMEWORK
The stratigraphy of the Llanos
Basin, Colombia, is typically described with standard lithostratigraphic
nomenclature (Reyes, 1992). Nomenclature used in this study is consistent
with the operational units of the Llanos Basin as defined by ECOPETROL.
These units are bounded by unconformities and/or lithology changes (Figure
4).
PALEOZOIC-MESOZOIC STRATA
Paleozoic strata lie unconformably
upon Precambrian rocks. The lower units consist of Cambro-Ordovician strata
overlying phyllites. The seismic reflection for this boundary is of poor
quality. The Mesozoic section in the Apiay area consists of Upper Cretaceous
strata, which are Cenomanian-Maastrichtian in age (Castro-Arévalo
et al., 1991). ECOPETROL recognizes two operational units in this formation.
The older K-2 reservoir is the most economically significant. Core analysis
of this unit indicated quartzose, medium- to coarse-grained sandstones,
varying locally to conglomeratic. This unit has been interpreted as braided
stream channel deposits. Overlying the K-2 is the K-1 unit, which consists
of shales with interebedded fine- to |
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ABSTRACT
The Apiay-Ariari oil field
of the Llanos Basin, Colombia, is located within a structurally complex
area. A 3-D seismic survey was necessary to understand the structural factors
controlling the distribution of hydrocarbons within the field. The results
of the interpretation were used in conjunction with core, production, and
log data to complete an integrated reservoir evaluation. Time structure
maps were converted to depth using geostatistical techniques which resulted
in a more detailed realization of strike-slip, normal, and reverse faults,
consistent with a right lateral shear system. The 3-D interpretation is
also much more simplified than the 2-D interpretation. This integrated
study realized an increase of field reserves of greater than 60.7 million
bbl over those originally calculated. The study also identified several
exploration plays, such as that successfully tested by the Gavan-1 well.
The ability to fully integrate the new 3-D seismic information with all
available data resulted in a more accurate understanding of structural
components responsible for the trapping of hydrocarbons within the Apiay-Ariari
fields. This knowledge has proven to be essential for proper management
of the field development. |
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