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The AAPG/Datapages Combined Publications Database

AAPG Special Volumes

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AAPG Studies in Geology No. 50, (Section Title: Reservoir Previous HitPermeabilityNext Hit, Modeling, and Simulation Studies) Chapter 14: Modeling Previous HitPermeabilityNext Hit Structure and Simulating Fluid Flow in a Reservoir Analog: Ferron Previous HitSandstoneNext Hit, Ivie Creek Area, East-Central Utah, by Craig B. Forster, Stephen H. Snelgrove, and Joseph V. Koebbe, Pages 359 - 382
Previous HitfromNext Hit:
AAPG Studies in Geology No. 50: Regional to Wellbore Analog for Fluvial-Deltaic Reservoir Modeling: The Ferron Previous HitSandstoneNext Hit of Utah, Edited by Thomas C. Chidsey, Jr., Roy D. Adams, and Thomas H. Morris
Copyright © 2004 by The American Association of Petroleum Geologists and the Society of Exploration Geophysicists. All rights reserved.

Reservoir Previous HitPermeabilityNext Hit, Modeling, and Simulation Studies

Chapter 14:
Modeling Previous HitPermeabilityNext Hit Structure and Simulating Fluid Flow in a Reservoir Analog: Ferron Previous HitSandstoneNext Hit, Ivie Creek Area, East-Central Utah

Craig B. Forster1, Stephen H. Snelgrove2, and Joseph V. Koebbe3
1Department of Geology & Geophysics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
2Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
3Mathematics and Statistics Department, Utah State University, Logan, Utah


ch14frnt.jpg (7338 bytes)Meal time at C. T. Lupton's U.S. Geological Survey field camp, circa 1910.  Photograph courtesy of the family of C. T. Lupton.

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ABSTRACT

Numerical waterfloods are simulated within two- and three-dimensional (2-D and 3-D) Previous HitpermeabilityNext Hit structures developed for the Ivie Creek area along the Ferron Previous HitSandstoneNext Hit (Cretaceous) outcrop belt. Previous HitPermeabilityNext Hit structures are constructed by combining outcrop facies architecture data with Previous HitpermeabilityNext Hit measurements made on both outcrop and drill-core samples. Simulated waterfloods are used to explore: (1) how detailed, fluvial-deltaic facies-derived Previous HitpermeabilityNext Hit structures might influence oil production, and (2) the ability of different Previous HitpermeabilityNext Hit upscaling approaches to capture the impact of the detailed structures on oil production. Previous HitPermeabilityNext Hit values incorporated in the models range Previous HitfromNext Hit 0.1 to 50 millidarcies. The role of facies architecture is preserved in the 2-D gridded models (grid blocks are 2.5 ft long and 0.5 ft high) by assigning facies-related Previous HitpermeabilityNext Hit trends within amalgamations of distinct clinoform bodies separated by thin shaley bounding layers. Results of a series of 2-D numerical waterflood simulations illustrate the sensitivity of total oil production and the timing of water breakthrough to the nature of the thin, interclinoform, shaley bounding layers. Previous HitPermeabilityNext Hit upscaling experiments indicate that common averaging approaches (computing arithmetic, harmonic, or geometric means) are inadequate to upscaling Previous HitpermeabilityNext Hit in this fluvial-deltaic setting. An upscaling technique based on perturbation analysis yields 2-D simulation results similar to those obtained with detailed Previous HitpermeabilityNext Hit models. Detailed Previous HitpermeabilityNext Hit structures are upscaled and assigned in more coarsely gridded 3-D models (grid blocks are 20 ft by 20 ft in plan and 4 ft thick) by defining Previous HitpermeabilityNext Hit facies that encompass portions of adjacent clinoform bodies. Results of a series of 3-D numerical waterflood simulations with 5-spot and 9-spot production well patterns illustrate the significant impact that the upscaled Previous HitpermeabilityNext Hit facies geometry exerts on oil production. Comparing 2-D and 3-D simulation results confirms that it can be misleading to use 2-D simulation results to predict oil recovery and water cut in a reservoir with the internal 3-D geometry inferred at the Ivie Creek site.

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