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Abstract

van der Meer, B. L. G. H., R. J. Arts, C. R. Geel, C. Hofstee, P. Winthaegen, J. Hartman, and D. D'Hoore, 2009, K12-B: Carbon dioxide injection in a nearly depleted gas field offshore the Netherlands, in M. Grobe, J. C. Pashin, and R. L. Dodge, eds., Carbon dioxide sequestration in geological media—State of the science: AAPG Studies in Geology 59, p. 379390.

DOI:10.1306/13171250St593387

Copyright copy2009 by The American Association of Petroleum Geologists.

K12-B: Carbon Dioxide Injection in a Nearly Depleted Gas Field Offshore the Netherlands

Bert L. G. H. van der Meer,1 R. J. Arts,2 C. R. Geel,3 C. Hofstee,4 P. Winthaegen,5 J. Hartman,6 D. D'Hoore7

1TNO Built Environment and Geosciences, National Geological Survey, Utrecht, the Netherlands
2TNO Built Environment and Geosciences, National Geological Survey, Utrecht, the Netherlands
3TNO Built Environment and Geosciences, National Geological Survey, Utrecht, the Netherlands
4TNO Built Environment and Geosciences, National Geological Survey, Utrecht, the Netherlands
5TNO Built Environment and Geosciences, National Geological Survey, Utrecht, the Netherlands
6Gaz de France Production Nederland B.V., Zoetermeer, the Netherlands
7Gaz de France Production Nederland B.V., Zoetermeer, the Netherlands

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The authors are grateful to Gaz de France (GDF) Production Nederland B.V. for their permission to publish this work and relevant information. Furthermore, this project was made possible by the financial support of the European Union and the Dutch Government through the CASTOR and CATO projects, respectively. Finally, the authors acknowledge Heriot-Watt University for selecting the appropriate tracers together with GDF for the field experiment.

ABSTRACT

Two different CO2 injection field tests are conducted in the nearly depleted K12-B gas field offshore the Netherlands in different compartments. The CO2 is originating from the produced gas (the methane contains a fraction of 13% CO2), is separated on the production platform, and reinjected into the reservoir. The first test, finished in 2004, consisted of CO2 injection through a single well in a depleted reservoir compartment to test the injectivity. The second test is still ongoing in a nearly depleted reservoir compartment comprising two gas production wells and one CO2 injection well. This chapter describes the simulation results based on a detailed geological model and history matching to the production data until December 2005. A highly accurate match has been obtained.

In March 2005, two tracers were added to the injected CO2 so that injected CO2 could be discriminated from resident CO2. Breakthrough of the tracers has been observed for both producing wells after 130 days (in 2005) and 463 days (in 2006). For the first well, the simulation results for CO2 breakthrough have been compared to the tracer time. Results were accurate within a few days. For the second well, the comparison could not be made yet because injection and production data are only available until the end of 2005.

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