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The AAPG/Datapages Combined Publications Database

Utah Geological Association

Abstract


Proceedings of the First International Conference on the New Basement Tectonics, 1974
Pages 1-10

Chapter 1. Historical Data: Review of Significant Early Studies in Lineament Tectonics

Robert A. Hodgson

Abstract

The systematic disposition of fractures and faults and their common tendency to intersect at nearly right angles was well enough documented by 1835 in Britain to allow Wm. Hopkins to develop an advanced mechanical theory to account for the phenomena. In 1841 he published a map of the Wealden Dome which shows directly the orthogonal relations of the major linear features of the region, as predicted by his theory. This map appears to be a first attempt to show lineaments directly and in relation to other structures.

Experimental work on the mechanics of folding and fracturing in layered media, extensive field observations of joints and, the availability of greatly improved topographic maps induced Daubree in 1879 to produce the first “modern” lineament maps. Using straight, intersecting lines on topographic base maps he showed directly the distribution of fault and joint systems over large areas of France. The common occurrence of orthogonal systems was demonstrated. In 1880 Kjerulf followed with a similar interpretation for Norway based largely on the geologic map of Norway just completed.

By the turn of the century Hobbs, through his own detailed observations was able to confirm and greatly extend the work of Daubree and Kjerulf. In a series of fundamental studies he developed the concepts of “lineament” and “fracture field” and outlined the principles of observation and interpretation of lineaments widely used today. Hobbs used and further refined the mapping techniques initiated by Daubree and Kjerulf.

The advent of space imagery and photography has added a new dimension to the study of the regmatic structures of the earth’s surface, but Hobbs’ work still remains the base line for modern interpretations.


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