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Abstract

AAPG Bulletin, V. 102, No. 8 (August 2018), P. 1489-1521.

Copyright ©2018. The American Association of Petroleum Geologists. All rights reserved.

DOI: 10.1306/10181716518

Multiple-phase tectonic superposition and reworking in the Junggar Basin of northwestern China—Implications for deep-seated petroleum exploration

Yanjun Wang,1 Dong Jia,2 Jianguo Pan,3 Dongtao Wei,4 Yong Tang,5 Guodong Wang,6 Cairu Wei,7 and Delong Ma8

1Institute of Energy Sciences, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xian Lin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, China; Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development—Northwest, PetroChina, 535 Yan Er Wan Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730020, Gansu, China; Key Laboratory of Reservoir Characterization, China National Petroleum Corporation, 535 Yan Er Wan Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730020, Gansu, China; [email protected]
2Institute of Energy Sciences, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xian Lin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, China; [email protected]
3Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development—Northwest, PetroChina, 535 Yan Er Wan Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730020, Gansu, China; [email protected]
4Xi’an Center of Geological Survey, China Geological Survey, 438 You Yi Road, Beilin District, Xi’an 710054, Shanxi, China; [email protected]
5Exploration and Development Research Institute of Xinjiang Oil Field, PetroChina, 29 Junggar Road, Keramayi 834000, Xinjiang, China; [email protected]
6Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development—Northwest, PetroChina, 535 Yan Er Wan Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730020, Gansu, China; [email protected]
7Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development—Northwest, PetroChina, 535 Yan Er Wan Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730020, Gansu, China; [email protected]
8Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development—Northwest, PetroChina, 535 Yan Er Wan Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730020, Gansu, China; Key Laboratory of Reservoir Characterization, China National Petroleum Corporation, 535 Yan Er Wan Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730020, Gansu, China; [email protected]

ABSTRACT

The Junggar Basin is one of the major petroliferous basins in Northwest China, where deeper hydrocarbon exploration has become an inevitable trend for resource development. In this paper, the structural features and tectonic evolution of the Junggar Basin are discussed based on seismic profiles, drilling data, isochore maps, and additional balanced cross sections. Our results suggest that the basin has undergone five extension-to-compression stages of tectonic evolution since the Permian. The Junggar Basin initially developed from several isolated continental rifts in the early Permian. At the beginning of the middle Permian, the basin developed into a more integrated terrigenous lake basin with the deposition of fine-grained, organic-rich lacustrine sediments; the basin inverted during the late Permian compressional uplifting. Then the sedimentary basin was superimposed and reworked by episodic Mesozoic to Cenozoic tectonic events, giving rise to the uplift and erosion at the basin margins while folding or tilting within the basin. At present, the basin presents a wedge-shaped geometry, with thickest strata in the south and thinnest strata in the north. The presence of source rocks, reservoirs, regional seals, and traps is closely related to the multiphase, basin-scale, extension-to-compression tectonic cycles of the basin. Episodic tectonic movements are also responsible for the adjustment and destruction of earlier-formed hydrocarbon pools and the formation of secondary pools. The preferential accumulation sites for prospective deep-seated petroleum exploration are also proposed.

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