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Abstract

AAPG Bulletin, V. 106, No. 1 (January 2022), P. 209-240.

Copyright ©2022. The American Association of Petroleum Geologists. All rights reserved.

DOI: 10.1306/07202120012

Carbonate cements in Eocene turbidite sandstones, Dongying depression, Bohai Bay Basin: Origin, distribution, and effect on reservoir properties

Guoqiang Luan,1 Karem Azmy,2 Chunmei Dong,3 Chengyan Lin,4 Lihua Ren,5 and Changying Shi6

1School of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, China; Department of Earth Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John’s, Newfoundland, Canada; [email protected]
2Department of Earth Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John’s, Newfoundland, Canada; [email protected]
3School of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, China; Reservoir Geology Key Laboratory of Shandong Province (East China), Qingdao, China; [email protected], [email protected]
4School of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, China; Reservoir Geology Key Laboratory of Shandong Province (East China), Qingdao, China; [email protected]
5School of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, China; Reservoir Geology Key Laboratory of Shandong Province (East China), Qingdao, China; [email protected]
School of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, China; [email protected]
6School of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, China; [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Diagenetic carbonate cements occur throughout Eocene turbidite lithic arkose in Niuzhuang sag, eastern China, displaying as sporadical siderite, dolomite, calcite 1, and massive ankerite and calcite 2. Petrographic and geochemical investigations suggest that the nonferroan calcite 1 (δ13Ccarbonate (carb) +3.1‰ to +4.7‰ Vienna Peedee belemnite [VPDB]; δ18Ocarb −12.5‰ to −10.5‰ VPDB) was the earliest carbonate cement that was followed by Ak (δ13Ccarb +0.2‰ to +5.1‰ VPDB; δ18Ocarb −12.8‰ to −10‰ VPDB) and ferroan calcite 2 (δ13Ccarb +2‰ to +3.1‰ VPDB; δ18Ocarb −12.6‰ to −15.8‰ VPDB). The homogenization temperatures (74.3°C–105.8°C, 105.6°C–130.4°C, and 119.7°C–144.6°C, respectively) reflect the pattern of increasing temperature with progressive burial. The δ13Ccarb values suggest that calcite 1 and calcite 2 were mainly derived from dissolution of carbonates in calcareous shales (δ13Ccarb +3.5‰ to +6.3‰VPDB), with minor contributions from organic matter. The δ13Ccarb values of ankerite documented some contributions from magmatic carbon.

Ankerite and calcite 2 were restricted under the top seal (geochemical barrier) of the overpressure compartment, and the highly cemented zones occur mainly along faults. Carbonate cementation seems to negatively impact the reservoir quality when it exceeds 10%.

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