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AAPG Bulletin

Abstract

DOI: 10.1306/08182120216

Thermodynamic insights into the production of methane hydrate reservoirs from depressurization of pressure cores

Stephen C. Phillips,1 Peter B. Flemings,2 Kehua You,3 and William F. Waite4

1Institute for Geophysics, Jackson School of Geosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas; present address: US Geological Survey, Woods Hole, Massachusetts; [email protected], [email protected]
2Institute for Geophysics and Department of Geological Sciences, Jackson School of Geosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas; [email protected]
3Institute for Geophysics, Jackson School of Geosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas; [email protected]
4US Geological Survey, Woods Hole, Massachusetts; [email protected]

ABSTRACT

We present results of slow (multiple day) depressurization experiments of pressure cores recovered from Green Canyon Block 955 in the northern Gulf of Mexico during The University of Texas at Austin Hydrate Pressure Coring Expedition (UT-GOM2-1). These stepwise depressurization experiments monitored the pressure and temperature within the core storage chamber during each pressure step, or “shut-in” period to better understand dissociation behavior and to provide insight on the thermodynamic state of gas hydrate reservoirs during production. The pressure rebound that occurs in response to a depressurization step occurs more slowly during later dissociation steps, likely reflecting a slower heat transfer rate, decreasing salinity gradient, and increased compressibility of the pore and surrounding fluids with progressive dissociation. We demonstrate that displacement of water by gas within the core storage chamber during successive dissociations both insulates the core and increases the compressibility of the pore and chamber fluid. The increased compressibility requires that a larger hydrate volume dissociates per unit of pressure recovery. Pressures observed during progressive dissociation steps are lower than predicted by the sample’s average salinity, with pressures approaching the freshwater Previous HitphaseNext Hit boundary during frequent dissociation steps, suggesting that local pore-water freshening strongly influences dissociation behavior. To avoid underestimating the magnitude of pressure drawdown required to sustain dissociation in the reservoir, we suggest that hydrate production models use the freshwater Previous HitphaseNext Hit boundary rather than a Previous HitphaseTop boundary determined from bulk salinity.

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