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The AAPG/Datapages Combined Publications Database
AAPG Bulletin
Abstract
AAPG Bulletin, V.
DOI: 10.1306/10242220140
Fluid evolution in deeply buried and karstified carbonate reservoirs of the central Tarim Basin, northwestern China
Jiaqing Liu,1 Zhong Li,2 Malcolm W. Wallace,3 Ashleigh V. S. Hood,4 Liu Yang,5 Chaojin Lu,6 Sam J. Purkis,7 and Peter K. Swart8
1State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; [email protected]
2State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; [email protected]
3School of Earth Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; [email protected]
4School of Earth Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; [email protected]
5Hangzhou Research Institute of Geology of PetroChina, Hangzhou, China; [email protected]
6Department of Marine Geosciences, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Miami, Miami, Florida; [email protected]
7Department of Marine Geosciences, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Miami, Miami, Florida; [email protected]
8Department of Marine Geosciences, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Miami, Miami, Florida; [email protected]
Abstract
The Middle–Lower Ordovician Yingshan Formation is an important reservoir unit in the Tazhong oil field (Tarim Basin, northwestern China). This oil field is deeply buried (>5500 m [>18,045 ft]) and has endured a complex diagenetic history. To understand the mechanisms of reservoir formation, we conduct a broad portfolio of geochemical analyses on the calcite cements that fill the pores and fractures in samples retrieved from wells penetrating the Yingshan Formation. Our results identify six diagenetic episodes, each associated with the emplacement of different cements, varying from marine conditions (C1), near-surface to shallow burial (C2), intermediate-to-deep burial (C3 and C4), and infiltration of the formation with mixing of the underlying basinal brines with meteoric waters and hydrothermal fluids (C5 and C6) along northeast-trending strike-slip faults. The productive wells display evidence of a strong burial diagenetic overprint linked to exotic fluids (C5 and C6) along fractures. We conclude that eogenetic meteoric waters were vital in producing early diagenetic porosity within the Tazhong reservoir, which was subsequently refined by late burial (hypogenic) diagenetic processes. We anticipate our findings hold lessons for the evolution of other geodynamically active cratonic basins.
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