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The AAPG/Datapages Combined Publications Database
Journal of Sedimentary Research (SEPM)
Abstract
Application of PB Isotopes to the Absolute Timing of Regional Exposure Events in Carbonate Rocks: An Example From U-Rich Dolostones from the Wahoo Formation (Pennsylvanian), Prudhoe Bay, Alaska
John A. Hoff (1) (*), Jeremy Jameson (2), Gilbert N. Hanson (1)
ABSTRACT
The Pb isotopic composition of the U-rich dolostones shows considerable
spread in 206Pb/204Pb (32-79) and 207Pb/204Pb
(16.3-18.7) but little spread in 208Pb/204Pb (38.4-39.5).
The high U/Pb and low Th/U ratios implied from these ratios reflect the
greater mobility of U relative to Th and Pb under near-surface oxidizing
conditions. The spread in Pb isotopic composition of 16 samples from a
single core chip yields a Pb-Pb age of 255 ± 47 Ma (2s),
which is consistent with the Pb-Pb age of 263 ± 41 Ma for the entire
data set (n = 28). A subset of pyrolized samples yields 238U-206Pb
and 235U-207Pb ages of 26 ± 31 Ma and 274
± 28 Ma. The Pb-Pb and U-Pb ages are in excellent agreement with
the timing of the development of the overlying unconformity at about 270
Ma. The relatively large uncertainties in Pb-Pb and U-Pb ages are the result
of scatter of data outside that expected from analytical uncertainties.
The scatter can be attributed to a prolonged period of exposure (30-40
million years) associated with the development of the unconformity. Initial
isotopic heterogeneity and multicomponent mixing may also contribute to
this scatter. Scatter on U-Pb isochron plots has been enhanced by recent
U loss. Regardless of the age uncertainties, the data preserve evidence
of a U enrichment event during the Permian. We suggest that U was introduced
into the sequence by oxidized groundwat r and enrichment occurred in response
to local redox conditions at or near the unconformity surface. The Pb isotopic
ages, coupled with the observation that anomalous U concentrations are
restricted to dolomitic zones within the Upper Wahoo Formation, suggests
that U enrichment was concurrent with much of the dolomitization. The U-Pb
system was not reset during uplift and exposure in the Late Cretaceous
and subsequent burial in the Tertiary, revealing that Pb isotopic ages
can be preserved in complex disgenetic systems. This observation may indicate
that this part of the upper Wahoo Formation was completely cemented during
Mesozoic burial and/or that the youngest phase of porosity development
took place under reducing conditions in which U, Th, and Pb were not mobilized.
Thus, redox cond tions appear to have been important to both the U enrichment
process and the preservation of the Pb isotopic ages.
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